C API: Add `Py_GetBuildInType` and `Py_GetBuildInTypeBorrowed`

I think this is too late for 3.15, so, personally, I won’t prioritize it before feature freeze (planned for May 5).
A draft is the next step. These should only be functions in 3.16 limited API; I’d recommend getting one function through review before tackling the rest.
You might want to open a C API WG issue too.