Enhance logging API with PEP-8-compliant aliases

[brettcannon]

@Rosuav

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Some other good reasons to ignore a particular guideline:

3. Because the code in question predates the introduction of the guideline and there is no other reason to be modifying that code.

This, along with the code breakage is why we didn’t rename this or things in the unittest module during the 2->3 migration (and you can see the breakage that occurred when the deprecated methods from unittest were recently taken out shows people will not necessarily upgrade willingly). I think if the API naming bothers you it would be better to create a wrapper and post it to PyPI at this point than expect a grand renaming of that module’s API.