Should Protocols with empty __slots__ count as Data Protocols?

Typing
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1

A Protocol with @runtime_checkable is classified as either Data or non-Data Protocol, with the former not being allowed for use in issubclass checks. A Data Protocol is any Protocol that “contains at least one non-method member” as per the typing spec. There is some ambiguity with this formulation (see a recent PyRight issue of mine):

Is this a strict definition, in that literally any non-method member of the Protocol makes it a Data Protocol? Or are there certain things that are technically non-method members of the Protocol itself, but don’t count for the classification?

I am specifically wondering about __slots__ = () here. While it itself is a non-method member (it is after all a regular attribute) the meaning is that there are no attributes. Should this be considered a Data Protocol or not?

from typing import Protocol, runtime_checkable

@runtime_checkable
class DataOrNonData(Protocol):
    __slots__ = ()
    def just_some_method(self) -> int: ...
  • PyRight (v1.1.406, possibly since v1.1.345) considers this a Data Protocol and rejects its use in issubclass. MyPy (v1.18.2) accepts its use in issubclass.
  • typeshed uses this pattern for typing.SupportsXYZ and contextlib.Abstract(Async)ContextManager.
1 Like
2

I think that should be considered a bug, and that the spec should be updated here. It makes very little sense to allow (any?) dunder attributes to modify Protocol meanings in such a way, but mainly basics like __dict__, __slots__, __name__, __qualname__, __mro__ and similar.

3

Same class of bug as many others, this is a case where neither the spec nor a specific type checker is accounting for the data model. This shouldnt be a data protocol, and rather than carve out data model exceptions everywhere possibly relevent, the specification should have a section about names whose behavior and purpose are dictated by the data model.

4

Empty __slots__ no more makes it a data protocol as __doc__ , __module__ and others.

Non-empty slots of course defines data attributes so does make it a data protocol, but that’s a separate issue.

(Dynamically calculated slots (e.g. __slots__ = (*thing,) are a different story.)

5

Imo, calculated __slots__, should make the protocol behave as if it was given filled __slots__ (unless the calculation result is obviously empty).