Introduced about 18 years ago, Parsons Problems, a kind of didactic puzzle, have been widely studied, and I’d like to recommend these two papers:
- Parsons Problems and Beyond: Systematic Literature Review and Empirical Study Designs (2022)
- Improving Instruction of Programming Patterns with Faded Parsons Problems (2021)
So I have built on top of Pamela Fox’s great online Parsons Problems tool, with help from Luciano Ratamero, a version with visual output, that I use in parallel with my other Python teaching support materials based on py5: