After year of work attempting to come up with ways to unify the two conflicting garbage collection systems for Python and Java. This approach may work for other systems such as C# in which the foreign language provides GC but no native support for a distributed system. The demonstration exploits features of the Python garbage collection system to provide the required information for managing leases and resolving reference loops.
Perhaps this is something we can work into a PEP?
/*
* Cross-Language Garbage Collection (CLGC) Demonstration Module
*
* This module addresses the challenges of garbage collection across languages,
* specifically between Python and Java, by introducing hooks into Python's
* generation 2 garbage collector. It demonstrates how Python can efficiently
* manage cross-language references through a process called "internalization."
*
* The implementation assumes a "double weak" referencing system, where each
* language holds its own strong references to its objects. Weak references are
* used to communicate when foreign objects are no longer needed, allowing them
* to be dropped. Internalization further enhances this by replacing strong
* references with Python-side graph portions, enabling normal garbage
* collection.
*
* Internalization Process:
* ========================
* Internalization is the process by which Python identifies isolated objects
* connected to foreign systems, delegates ownership of their lifecycle to the
* foreign system, and ensures proper cleanup of cross-language references. This
* ensures Python no longer holds responsibility for keeping foreign objects
* alive, allowing the foreign system to manage their lifecycle efficiently.
*
* Mechanics:
* ----------
* 1. **Detection of Isolated Python Objects:**
* - During Python's garbage collection traversal, the `ReferenceManager`
* identifies Python objects that are not connected to other Python objects
* except through the `ReferenceManager`.
* - These objects are considered "isolated" from Python's perspective and
* are candidates for internalization.
*
* 2. **Depth-First Search (DFS):**
* - The `ReferenceManager` uses Python's traversal system to perform a
* depth-first search (DFS) on the reference graph rooted at the isolated
* Python object.
* - The DFS explores all references originating from the Python object to
* determine its relationship with foreign objects (e.g., Java objects).
*
* 3. **Discovery of Java References:**
* - During the traversal, if the `ReferenceManager` encounters a reference
* to a Java object:
* - It checks whether the Java object has already been visited by Java's
* garbage collector during its cycle.
* - If the Java object **has not been visited**, it means the Java object
* is still reachable from Python but not actively held by Java.
*
* 4. **Delegating Ownership to Java:**
* - If an unvisited Java object is discovered during the DFS:
* - The relationship between the Python object and the Java object is sent
* to the Java side.
* - On the Java side:
* - The Java object is removed from the **strong global reference list**,
* meaning Java no longer holds the object alive directly.
* - The Java object is now held alive only by the weak reference
* originating from Python.
*
* 5. **Handling Cases with No Java References:**
* - If the depth-first search does not discover any Java references:
* - The Python object is added to the `foreign_list` in the
* `ReferenceManager`.
* - The Python object will remain on the `foreign_list` until Java breaks
* its weak link to the object.
* - Since no Java references were found, there cannot be a cross-language
* reference loop involving this Python object.
*
* Key Scenarios:
* --------------
* - **Scenario 1:** Python Object References a Java Object
* - The Python object is isolated except for its reference to the Java object.
* - The DFS discovers the Java object, which has not been visited by Java's
* garbage collector.
* - The relationship is delegated to Java, and the Java object is removed
* from the strong global reference list.
* - **Outcome:** Python no longer holds responsibility for the Java object,
* and the Java object is managed by Java.
*
* - **Scenario 2:** Python Object Does Not Reference Any Java Object
* - The Python object is isolated.
* - The DFS does not discover any Java references.
* - The Python object is added to the `foreign_list` and waits for Java to
* break its weak link.
* - **Outcome:** The Python object remains on the `foreign_list` until Java
* determines it is no longer needed.
*
* - **Scenario 3:** Cross-Language Reference Loop
* - The DFS discovers a loop involving both Python and Java objects.
* - The relationship is delegated to Java, and Java assumes ownership of the
* loop.
* - **Outcome:** Python no longer holds responsibility for the loop, and Java
* manages its lifecycle.
*
* Advantages:
* -----------
* - **Efficient Garbage Collection:** Delegating ownership of cross-language
* relationships to the foreign system reduces Python's involvement in
* managing foreign objects.
* - **Breaks Reference Loops:** Internalization ensures that reference loops
* involving both Python and Java are broken, preventing memory leaks.
* - **Optimized Resource Management:** Objects are cleaned up promptly when no
* references exist on either side.
*
* Edge Cases:
* -----------
* - **Case 1:** Java Object Referenced by Multiple Python Objects
* - If multiple Python objects reference the same Java object, the Java
* object will remain alive until all Python references are removed.
* - **Case 2:** Weak Links
* - If the Java object is held alive only by a weak link from Python, it will
* be garbage collected by Java once Python removes its reference.
* - **Case 3:** Synchronization Delays
* - If Python and Java garbage collection cycles are not synchronized, there
* may be slight delays in cleanup. This is not critical but could be
* optimized.
*
* Python GC Phases:
* -----------------
* - **Phase 1: subtract_refs**
* - Decreases reference counts for objects in the collection set. If an
* object's reference count drops to zero, it is considered unreachable.
* - The `arg` parameter in the traversal callback (`visit_decref`) represents
* the parent object being traversed.
*
* - **Phase 2: move_reachable**
* - Identifies all reachable objects starting from the roots and moves them,
* along with their dependencies, into the reachable list.
* - The `arg` parameter in this phase typically represents the new list of
* reachable items (`PyGC_Head*`).
*
* - **Phase 3 (Debugging Enabled):**
* - Exploits properties of Python's GC to pivot the Sentinel object to the
* back of the GC list. All objects afterward must be owned by a foreign
* object or collected. At this point, the structure and links between
* objects can be analyzed.
*
* Implementation Notes:
* ---------------------
* - Internalization is only possible on the Python side because Java lacks a
* traversal mechanism to discover relationships.
* - Proper synchronization between Python and Java garbage collection processes
* is essential for efficient cleanup.
* - Ensure the `is_broken` function is implemented correctly and efficiently,
* as it plays a critical role in determining the lifecycle of objects.
*
* Future Considerations:
* ----------------------
* - A future PEP could define the minimal API required to support CLGC:
* 1. A method to report the type of GC being executed at the start of the
* cycle.
* 2. Callbacks at each major phase to allow state alterations.
* 3. Methods to check object states during each phase, accounting for Python
* objects potentially existing in multiple states within the same phase.
*
* This module simulates interactions with Java objects and demonstrates how
* Python's GC can be extended for cross-language garbage collection.
*/
// Define Py_BUILD_CORE to access internal headers
#define Py_BUILD_CORE
#include <Python.h>
#include <frameobject.h>
#include <internal/pycore_gc.h> // Internal header for GC structures
#include <internal/pycore_interp.h> // Internal header for interpreter state
// Macros for accessing GC internals
#define GC_NEXT _PyGCHead_NEXT
#define GC_PREV _PyGCHead_PREV
#define GEN_HEAD(gcstate, n) (&(gcstate)->generations[n].head)
#define PREV_MASK_COLLECTING _PyGC_PREV_MASK_COLLECTING
#define NEXT_MASK_UNREACHABLE (1)
#define AS_GC(o) ((PyGC_Head *)(o)-1)
/*
* Utility functions for GC operations
*/
// Check if a GC object is currently being collected
static inline int gc_is_collecting(PyGC_Head *g) {
return (g->_gc_prev & PREV_MASK_COLLECTING) != 0;
}
// Get the reference count of a GC object
static inline Py_ssize_t gc_get_refs(PyGC_Head *g) {
return (Py_ssize_t)(g->_gc_prev >> _PyGC_PREV_SHIFT);
}
// Append a node to a GC list
static inline void gc_list_append(PyGC_Head *node, PyGC_Head *list) {
PyGC_Head *last = (PyGC_Head *)list->_gc_prev;
_PyGCHead_SET_PREV(node, last);
_PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(last, node);
_PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(node, list);
list->_gc_prev = (uintptr_t)node;
}
// Remove a node from its current GC list
static inline void gc_list_remove(PyGC_Head *node) {
PyGC_Head *prev = GC_PREV(node);
PyGC_Head *next = GC_NEXT(node);
_PyGCHead_SET_NEXT(prev, next);
_PyGCHead_SET_PREV(next, prev);
node->_gc_next = 0; /* Object is not currently tracked */
}
// Check if an object is garbage-collectable
static inline int _PyObject_IS_GC(PyObject *obj) {
return (PyType_IS_GC(Py_TYPE(obj)) &&
(Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_is_gc == NULL || Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_is_gc(obj)));
}
typedef struct _gc_runtime_state PyGCState;
static PyGCState* get_gc_state()
{
// Access the interpreter state
PyInterpreterState* interp = PyInterpreterState_Get();
if (!interp) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to get interpreter state");
return NULL;
}
// Access the garbage collector state
PyGCState* gc_state = &interp->gc;
if (!gc_state) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to get garbage collector state");
return NULL;
}
return gc_state;
}
/*
* ForeignReference Structure
*
* Represents a reference to a foreign object (e.g., Java object) held by Python.
* This structure is used to manage cross-language references.
*/
typedef struct ForeignReference {
struct ForeignReference* previous; // Previous reference in the list
struct ForeignReference* next; // Next reference in the list
PyObject* local_object; // Pointer to the local Python object (strong reference)
void* remote_object; // Pointer to the remote object (generic type)
} ForeignReference;
/* Static variables for CLGC state */
static int generation = -1; // Current GC generation
static int phase = -1; // Current GC phase
static PyObject* sentinel_instance = NULL; // Sentinel object for GC tracking
static ForeignReference references; // List of foreign references
static void* magic; // Magic identifier for private classes
static PyObject* gc_event_callback_function = NULL; // GC event callback function
/*
* Initialize the foreign reference list.
* The list is circular and starts with a dummy head node.
*/
static void reference_init(ForeignReference* head) {
head->next = head;
head->previous = head;
}
/*
* Insert a new item into the foreign reference list.
*/
static void reference_insert(ForeignReference *head, ForeignReference* item) {
ForeignReference* next = head->next;
head->next = item;
item->next = next;
item->previous = head;
next->previous = item;
}
/*
* Remove an item from the foreign reference list.
*/
static void reference_remove(ForeignReference* item) {
if (item->previous == NULL || item->next == NULL) return;
ForeignReference* prev = item->previous;
ForeignReference* next = item->next;
prev->next = next;
next->previous = prev;
item->previous = NULL;
item->next = NULL;
}
/*
* Visit all references in the foreign reference list.
* This is used during GC traversal to ensure proper cleanup.
*/
static int visit_references(visitproc visit, void* arg) {
ForeignReference* current = references.next;
while (current != &references) {
PyObject* op = current->local_object;
Py_VISIT(op);
current = current->next;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* ForeignObject Type
*
* Represents a foreign object held by Python. This type is used to simulate
* interactions with Java objects in the CLGC process.
*/
typedef struct {
PyObject_HEAD
} ForeignObject;
/*
* Free function for ForeignObject.
* Ensures proper cleanup of foreign objects during GC.
*/
static void Foreign_free(void* obj) {
PyTypeObject *type = Py_TYPE(obj);
if (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC)
PyObject_GC_Del(obj);
else
PyObject_Free(obj);
}
/*
* Renew the lease for a foreign object.
* This is called when the foreign object is still reachable from Python.
*/
static void foreign_renew(ForeignObject* self) {
printf("renew %p\n", self);
}
/*
* Skip renewal for a foreign object.
* This is called when the foreign object is no longer reachable from Python.
*/
static void foreign_skip(ForeignObject* self) {
printf("skip %p\n", self);
}
/*
* Traverse function for ForeignObject.
* Handles GC traversal for foreign objects during specific GC phases.
*/
static int Foreign_traverse(ForeignObject* self, visitproc visit, void* arg) {
if (phase < 1) return 0;
if (phase == 1) foreign_renew(self);
if (phase == 2) foreign_skip(self);
return 0;
}
/*
* ForeignObject type definition.
*/
static PyTypeObject ForeignType = {
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
.tp_name = "helloworld.Foreign",
.tp_basicsize = sizeof(ForeignObject),
.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,
.tp_free = Foreign_free,
.tp_traverse = (traverseproc) Foreign_traverse,
.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,
};
/*
* Internalization Functions
*
* These functions handle the process of internalization, where Python identifies isolated
* objects connected to foreign systems and delegates ownership of their lifecycle to the foreign system.
*/
/*
* Start internalization for a Python object.
* This function is a stub for interacting with Java during the internalization process.
*/
static void internalize_start(PyObject *obj, void* arg) {
printf(" %p ::", obj);
}
/*
* Add a Python object to the internalization process.
* This function is a stub for interacting with Java during the internalization process.
*/
static void internalize_add(PyObject* obj, void* arg) {
printf(" %p", obj);
}
/*
* End internalization for a Python object.
* This function is a stub for interacting with Java during the internalization process.
*/
static void internalize_end(PyObject* obj, void* arg) {
printf("\n");
}
/*
* Perform a depth-first search (DFS) using Python's traversal mechanism.
* This function analyzes relationships between foreign incoming references and foreign outgoing ones.
*/
static int internalize_trace(PyObject *op, void *arg) {
// Skip non-GC objects
if (!_PyObject_IS_GC(op)) return 0;
// Skip objects not being collected
PyGC_Head *gc = AS_GC(op);
if (!gc_is_collecting(gc)) return 0;
// Skip objects on younger GC lists
const Py_ssize_t gc_refs = gc_get_refs(gc);
if (gc_refs == 1) return 0;
// Check if the object is a foreign reference
PyTypeObject* tp = Py_TYPE(op);
if (tp->tp_free == Foreign_free) {
internalize_add(op, arg);
return 0;
}
// Perform DFS traversal for objects bound for garbage collection
gc->_gc_prev ^= PREV_MASK_COLLECTING;
tp->tp_traverse(op, internalize_trace, arg);
gc->_gc_prev |= PREV_MASK_COLLECTING;
return 0;
}
/*
* Analyze linkages between foreign references and Python objects.
* This function is called at the end of the GC process to discover reference loops.
*/
static void internalize_analyze() {
ForeignReference* current = references.next;
while (current != &references) {
PyObject* op = current->local_object;
// Perform DFS traversal to find reference loops
internalize_start(op, NULL);
internalize_trace(op, NULL);
internalize_end(op, NULL);
current = current->next;
}
}
/*
* Sentinel Object
*
* The Sentinel object is used to track the GC process and perform specific actions during
* different phases of garbage collection. It acts as a pivot point for GC operations.
*/
/*
* Assert that the Sentinel class is private.
* This prevents unauthorized creation of Sentinel objects.
*/
static int assert_private(void* args) {
if (args != magic) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "This class is private");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Pivot Object
*
* The Pivot object is used internally by the Sentinel to manipulate the GC process.
*/
typedef struct {
PyObject_HEAD
void *sentinel; // Pointer to the Sentinel object
} PivotObject;
/*
* Traverse function for PivotObject.
* Handles GC traversal for Pivot objects during specific GC phases.
*/
static int Pivot_traverse(PivotObject* self, visitproc visit, void* arg) {
if (phase <= 0) return 0;
if (phase == 1) {
PyGC_Head* reachable = (PyGC_Head*) arg;
// Move the Sentinel object to the end of the GC list
PyGC_Head* gc2 = AS_GC(self->sentinel);
gc_list_remove(gc2);
gc_list_append(gc2, reachable);
gc2->_gc_prev = 6;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Initialize the Pivot object.
*/
static int Pivot_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs) {
return assert_private(args);
}
/*
* PivotObject type definition.
*/
static PyTypeObject PivotType = {
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
.tp_name = "helloworld.Pivot",
.tp_basicsize = sizeof(PivotObject),
.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,
.tp_traverse = (traverseproc) Pivot_traverse,
.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,
.tp_init = Pivot_init,
};
/*
* Sentinel Object
*/
typedef struct {
PyObject_HEAD
PivotObject* pivot; // Pointer to the Pivot object
} SentinelObject;
/*
* Initialize the Sentinel object.
*/
static int Sentinel_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs) {
if (assert_private(args) == -1) return -1;
SentinelObject *sentinel = (SentinelObject *)self;
// Create a new PivotObject instance
PyObject *pivot_instance = PyObject_CallObject((PyObject *)&PivotType, args);
if (!pivot_instance) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to create PivotObject");
return -1;
}
// Link the Sentinel and Pivot objects
sentinel->pivot = (PivotObject *)pivot_instance;
sentinel->pivot->sentinel = self;
return 0;
}
/*
* Traverse function for SentinelObject.
* Handles GC traversal for Sentinel objects during specific GC phases.
*/
static int Sentinel_traverse(SentinelObject* self, visitproc visit, void* arg) {
if (phase < 0 || generation != 2) {
Py_VISIT(self->pivot);
visit_references(visit, arg);
return 0;
}
PyGC_Head *gc = AS_GC(self);
if (phase == 0) {
Py_VISIT(self->pivot);
visit_references(visit, arg);
phase++;
return 0;
}
// Check if we are at the end of the reachable list
PyGC_Head* reachable = arg;
if (phase == 1 && GC_PREV(reachable) != gc) {
if (gc_is_collecting(AS_GC(self->pivot))) {
Py_VISIT(self->pivot);
return 0;
}
// Move the pivot point to the back of the list
// This would be in trouble if pivot was the node before us, but that isn't possible unless we were already last
PyGC_Head* gc2 = AS_GC(self->pivot);
gc_list_remove(gc2);
gc_list_append(gc2, reachable);
gc2->_gc_prev = 6;
return 0;
}
if (phase == 1) {
printf("I am last\n");
internalize_analyze();
// Foreign objects now see phase 2, meaning they won't renew their least
phase++;
visit_references(visit, arg);
if (gc_is_collecting(AS_GC(self->pivot)))
Py_VISIT(self->pivot);
}
if (phase == 2) {
Py_VISIT(self->pivot);
}
return 0;
}
/*
* SentinelObject type definition.
*/
static PyTypeObject SentinelType = {
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
.tp_name = "helloworld.Sentinel",
.tp_basicsize = sizeof(SentinelObject),
.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC,
.tp_traverse = (traverseproc) Sentinel_traverse,
.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,
.tp_init = Sentinel_init,
};
/*
* GC Monitoring Functions
*
* These functions enable and disable monitoring of Python's garbage collection process.
* They use Python's `gc.callbacks` mechanism to hook into GC events.
*/
/*
* Callback function for GC events.
* This function is called during GC cycles to track the current generation and phase.
*/
static PyObject* gc_event_callback(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
const char* event; // Event type ("start" or "stop")
generation = -1; // Reset generation
PyGCState* gc_state = get_gc_state();
if (!gc_state) return NULL;
PyObject* details; // Details dictionary
// Parse the arguments: a string (event) and a dictionary (details)
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "sO", &event, &details)) {
return NULL; // Return NULL on parsing failure
}
if (!PyDict_Check(details)) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Details argument must be a dictionary");
return NULL;
}
// Extract the "generation" value from the details dictionary
PyObject* generation_obj = PyDict_GetItemString(details, "generation");
if (generation_obj != NULL) {
generation = PyLong_AsLong(generation_obj);
}
// Print messages based on the event type
if (strcmp(event, "start") == 0) {
phase = 0;
printf("GC cycle started for generation %d\n", generation);
} else if (strcmp(event, "stop") == 0) {
printf("GC cycle ended for generation %d\n", generation);
phase = -1;
// At this point, we tell Java to drop the old leases and start with the new ones.
} else {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Invalid event type. Must be 'start' or 'stop'");
return NULL;
}
// Special handling for generation 2
if (phase == 0 && generation == 2) {
PyGC_Head* gc = AS_GC(sentinel_instance);
gc_list_remove(gc);
gc_list_append(gc, GEN_HEAD(gc_state, 1));
}
Py_RETURN_NONE; // Return None to indicate successful execution
}
// Global variable to store the callback function
static PyMethodDef my_method_def = {
"callback", // Name of the method
gc_event_callback, // Function pointer to the callback implementation
METH_VARARGS, // Method accepts a variable number of arguments
"Callback for gc" // Documentation string for the method
};
/*
* Enable GC monitoring.
* This function adds the callback function to Python's `gc.callbacks` list.
*/
static PyObject* enable_gc_monitoring(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
// Import the `gc` module
PyObject* gc_module = PyImport_ImportModule("gc");
if (!gc_module) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Failed to import gc module");
return NULL;
}
// Get the `callbacks` attribute from the `gc` module
PyObject* gc_callbacks = PyObject_GetAttrString(gc_module, "callbacks");
Py_DECREF(gc_module); // Release the reference to the gc module
if (!gc_callbacks) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, "Failed to get gc.callbacks");
return NULL;
}
// Ensure `gc.callbacks` is a list
if (!PyList_Check(gc_callbacks)) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "gc.callbacks is not a list");
return NULL;
}
// Check if the callback is already stored
if (gc_event_callback_function != NULL) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "GC monitoring is already enabled");
return NULL;
}
// Wrap the internal `gc_event_callback` function as a Python callable
gc_event_callback_function = PyCFunction_New(&my_method_def, NULL);
if (!gc_event_callback_function) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to create callable for gc_event_callback");
return NULL;
}
// Append the callback to the `gc.callbacks` list
if (PyList_Append(gc_callbacks, gc_event_callback_function) < 0) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
Py_DECREF(gc_event_callback_function);
gc_event_callback_function = NULL; // Reset the global variable
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to append callback to gc.callbacks");
return NULL;
}
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks); // Release the reference to gc.callbacks
Py_RETURN_NONE; // Return None to indicate success
}
/*
* Disable GC monitoring.
* This function removes the callback function from Python's `gc.callbacks` list.
*/
static PyObject* disable_gc_monitoring(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {
// Import the `gc` module
PyObject* gc_module = PyImport_ImportModule("gc");
if (!gc_module) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "Failed to import gc module");
return NULL;
}
// Get the `callbacks` attribute from the `gc` module
PyObject* gc_callbacks = PyObject_GetAttrString(gc_module, "callbacks");
Py_DECREF(gc_module); // Release the reference to the gc module
if (!gc_callbacks) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, "Failed to get gc.callbacks");
return NULL;
}
// Ensure `gc.callbacks` is a list
if (!PyList_Check(gc_callbacks)) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "gc.callbacks is not a list");
return NULL;
}
// Check if the callback is stored
if (gc_event_callback_function == NULL) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks); // Release the reference to gc.callbacks
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "GC monitoring is not enabled");
return NULL;
}
// Find and remove the callback from the `gc.callbacks` list
Py_ssize_t index = PySequence_Index(gc_callbacks, gc_event_callback_function);
if (index == -1) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Callback not found in gc.callbacks");
return NULL;
}
if (PySequence_DelItem(gc_callbacks, index) < 0) {
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks);
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Failed to remove callback from gc.callbacks");
return NULL;
}
Py_DECREF(gc_callbacks); // Release the reference to gc.callbacks
Py_DECREF(gc_event_callback_function); // Release the reference to the callback
gc_event_callback_function = NULL; // Reset the global variable
Py_RETURN_NONE; // Return None to indicate success
}
/*
* Add a reference to the foreign reference list.
* This simulates a Java-requested reference.
*/
static PyObject* reference_add(PyObject* self, PyObject* arg) {
ForeignReference* reference = (ForeignReference*)malloc(sizeof(ForeignReference));
reference->local_object = arg;
reference->remote_object = NULL;
Py_INCREF(arg);
reference_insert(&references, reference);
printf("ADD %p\n", arg);
Py_RETURN_NONE; // Return None to indicate success
}
/*
* Method definitions for the module.
*/
static PyMethodDef HelloWorldMethods[] = {
{"enable", enable_gc_monitoring, METH_VARARGS, "Enable clgc"},
{"disable", disable_gc_monitoring, METH_NOARGS, "Disable clgc"},
{"callback", gc_event_callback, METH_VARARGS, "Monitors the gc process"},
{"add", reference_add, METH_O, "Simulate Java requested reference"},
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL} // Sentinel
};
/*
* Module definition.
*/
static struct PyModuleDef helloworldmodule = {
PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
"helloworld", // Name of the module
"A module with GC cycle monitoring", // Module documentation
-1, // Size of per-interpreter state or -1 if state is global
HelloWorldMethods
};
/*
* Initialization function for the module.
*/
PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_helloworld(void) {
PyObject* m;
// Initialize the foreign reference list
reference_init(&references);
generation = -1;
phase = -1;
// Initialize the types
if (PyType_Ready(&SentinelType) < 0) return NULL;
if (PyType_Ready(&ForeignType) < 0) return NULL;
if (PyType_Ready(&PivotType) < 0) return NULL;
// Create the module
m = PyModule_Create(&helloworldmodule);
if (!m) return NULL;
// Add the Sentinel type to the module
Py_INCREF(&SentinelType);
PyModule_AddObject(m, "Sentinel", (PyObject*)&SentinelType);
Py_INCREF(&ForeignType);
PyModule_AddObject(m, "Foreign", (PyObject*)&ForeignType);
Py_INCREF(&PivotType);
PyModule_AddObject(m, "Pivot", (PyObject*)&PivotType);
// Create a magic tuple that allows us (and only us) to create Sentinel
PyObject* args = PyTuple_New(0);
magic = args;
// Create static instances of Sentinel
sentinel_instance = PyObject_CallObject((PyObject*)&SentinelType, args);
if (!sentinel_instance) {
Py_DECREF(m);
Py_DECREF(args);
return NULL;
}
Py_DECREF(args);
Py_INCREF(sentinel_instance);
PyModule_AddObject(m, "sentinel", sentinel_instance);
return m;
}